
The picture shows a fresco of a larario of Pompeii. At the top are represented the Lares and Genius makes offerings on the altar and at the bottom of snakes that are the Manes.
- Parentalia, were held from 13 to 21 February
These celebrations were of such importance that wills and funeral inscriptions found in the requests in this regard:
-thus testament Flirt see a multitude of details specifying particular aspects of the construction of his tomb so that there is a space prepared for these funeral feasts:
That because of the exedra (at the foot of my statue) will place a funeral bed and each of its flanked by two seats, done (well) imported marble. For the celebration of funeral feasts) has, in the days when I open my funeral chapel, two blankets and two pillows (like those used in the couches) for bedding, to be placed (also) two coats ( of using the military) and a robe.
Image of tomb No. 15 at Isola Sacra having a biclinium on the front, taken from article by Regina Gee, cap. 5
-even leaving your Ma to cover the cost of flowers and banquets, as in this inscription Ravenna ( Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum , XI, 132).
ut ad monumentum quotannis roses et ibi ei spargant epulentur,
for that each year to spread roses sob re the tomb and there they develop the banquet.
's warmth and deep love for his mother found this inscription in verse of Safatis (now Algeria), which tells us a funeral banquet held in memory Aelia Secundulus, Julia Estatulenia mother who spends it. ( Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum , VIII, 20277)
Memoriae Aeliae Secundulae
Funeri mu[l]ta quid(e)m condigna iam misimus omneS,
Insuper ar(a)eque deposit(a)e Secundulae matrI(s),
Lapideam placuit nobis atponere mensaM,
In qua magna eius memorantes plurima factA;
Dum cibi ponuntur calicesque e[t] co[o]pertaE,
Vulnus ut sanetur n os rod(ens) pectore saevuM.
Libenter fabul(as) d um sera red(d)imus horA
Castae matri, bona(e), laudesq(ue), uetula dormiT
Ipsa, q(uae) nutri[t], iac e(n)s e(s)t sobria sempeR.
v(i xit) a(nnos) LXXV, a(nno) p(rouinciae) CCLX Statulenia lulia fecit
Secundulus In memory of Elia. All s we have already provided that the necessary arrangements for the funeral rites on the altar of our mother Secundulus, lies here. We have taken care to prepare the stone table, around which to remember his many virtuous deeds, as they are willing and offered food and cups, and tablecloths to cover the table, so you can heal the wound cruel disservice to our heart as in the late hours readily evoke memories and praise of our good and pious mother, our sweet little old lady sleeps, we fed it, now lies always sober. lived seventy-five years. In 260 of the province did Estatulenia Julia.
contains a dedication that s half hidden and visible in the sequential read from the initial letters (acronym) and finals (teleost) of each verse. To make it more clear, the letters are written here in capital letters, says children your sweet mother FILI DULCISIMAE MATR
- Feralia, 2 February 1 , last day of Parentalia
According Paulo Festo VI, the etymological origin of Feralia explained the verb fero, "action to bring the food" ( to ferendis epulis) "or the action of killing animals" (a feriendis pecudibus)
Meanwhile Varro, De lingua latina 6.13, introduces the idea of \u200b\u200bthe underworld and tells us
inferis et ab Feralia ferenda ferunt tum quod Epule sepulcrum quibus ibi ius ad parentare.
Feralia name comes from the inferi (the underworld) and ferre (to carry), it is the date on which food offerings are sa the graves which have the obligation to pay taxes funeral honors.
In Feralia became a sacrifice to the goddess Mania Tacit (= "silent"), lady death, which sometimes appears as mother of the Lares and another as queen of the Manes c Uya sad story Ovid tells in Fasti II, 583-616.
Now I want to know who is the goddess Muta. Learn what is known to me the old old. Jupiter defeated by the inordinate love of Yuturna, endured much, so unbearable for a god in its class. She, now hiding between the Plantations of the jungle, now jumping into the water, with her relatives. Jupiter nymphs together, whatever they dwelt in Latium, and I snapped the following words in the middle of the circle: "Your sister is jealous of herself and avoid sleeping with the supreme god thing it would be helpful. Take care of the two, because if my pleasure is to be large, the greater the benefit of your sister. When you take to flee, put yourself in front of her on the edge of the bank to not dip the body in the river. " That said. All nodded and nymphs of the Tiber also to entertain your thalamus, Ilia divine. Incidentally there was a naiad, named Lara, though his name was the first syllable ancient duplicated by mistake. Almon had said many times: "Daughter, curb your tongue," but she was not contained. So he found his sister's Lake Yuturna, said: "Depart from the banks', and told him the words of Jupiter. Juno also visited and told him, feeling sorry for the wives: "Your husband is in love with the nymph Yuturna." Jupiter was angry and ripped the tongue Naiad to that he had used recklessly, and calls to Mercury: "Take it where Manes, that is the proper place for quiet. Will nymph, but nymph underground lake. " Compliance with the orders of Jupiter. The forest greeted the arriving, is told that she then was pleased the god who was driving. It was about violence, she pleaded with the face by replacing the words, trying in vain to talk with his mouth moving. She became pregnant and gave birth to twins: the Lares, who keep and watch whenever the crossroads of our city.
found an interesting explanation of this myth in the book Living in women: studies of women in antiquity, and scribed by M. Dolors Molas Font, Elena Arnal Almirall
The story of the nymph who became a word (male prerogative), and acted to the detriment of authority and power of God and of his punishment, symbolizing the domestication and mutilation of the value of the word female. As speaker is cheerful nymph punished, but at the same time the jaws of silence are timely and Lara stained virtus is elevated to the status of gave sa to be venerated by their silence and seclusion in the silent world hell.
So physically Lara will be deprived of the tongue by Jupiter as punishment for his excessive language, inability to use language in a more discreet, and converted, according to Ovid Fasti II, 571-582 in Tacit-Muta Goddess of women offered a sacrum, which was actually in a spell against the "evil tongues", the last day of Parentalia
That is a loaded year old feels to between girls and complies with the rite of Tacit [silent goddess] although she is not silent (TACE) and placed at the threshold of three grains of incense, with three fingers, at the point where a tiny mouse has opened a hidden path. Then tie a happy spin on a piece of black lead, and stir in the mouth seven black beans, and burn fire the head of a minnow that has smeared with tar and sewing needle through it with copper. Also poured wine, wine which is drinking it or herself or companions, although it anymore. "We gagged the leng nails of hostile enemies and mouths," says the old line goes, leaving Drafts acha.
- the party Caristie or CARA cognatio, February 22,
-
one hand in the family, because once placated the spirits of the ancestors was time to revive ties with relatives living with a family feast in which reconciliation is attempted relatives .
-
and also in the field as it is now time when the year expires, and that February was in the old Roman calendar, the last month of the year, thus marking the end of one year and the beginning of another.
find references in Valerius Maximus II , 8:
Our ancestors also instituted an annual banquet that Caristie called. At the invitation did not go more than the families and relatives and was intended that, if there had been some tension or disagreement between members of one family, disappeared, using as defenders of the sacred harmony libations common feast and joy.
And of course also Ovid Fasti II, 565
The next festival is called of Caristie by loved ones. A crowd of relatives go to the gods of the family. It is really comforting to look away from the graves in which lie the relatives who have died and direct it to live and, having lost so many, to contemplate what is left of our blood and calculate the degree of kinship. But how come only the righteous! Far, far away from here, the wicked brother and the mother who shows cruel to their own children, one who thinks his father lives too long, which attempts to calculate the years that you still have your mother, the evil mother who to the daughter thing, which .(....) Hates You, the virtuous, offer incense to the gods of the family (say the sweet Concordia shown especially its assistance on that day) and offerings also food for the dish that they serve-assurance a worship pleasing to them, serve food to the Lares of tunic sleeves rolled up.
Party Pervivenvia the Caristie.
February 22 is for cristi party years d and the "Chair of St. Peter" being the day of the institution of the papacy of Peter. Having chosen this day to celebrate an event which could not know the exact date seems to be due to wanting to replace a pagan Christian holiday important to honor the dead family with banquets often scandalous. San Augustine harshly rebukes the Christians who at that time were given to such abuses mentioned excesses that occurred in snack kept in the burial areas, including personal account cases such as the custom of his mother Monica to bring tubers to the tombs of martyrs (Aug. Conf 6.2.2.)
Sticking some of the customs associated with the memory of the dead are found in expressions we use today, including: conspicuous by its absence and have many fumes. I link to explaining both phrases I posted on the blog The flame of Vesta.
0 comments:
Post a Comment